Paternal Ancestors of Betty Atkins

James married Ela Longspee in 1244 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England ⁴³.^,44 Ela was born about 1226 in England ^{⁴³^,44} and died on 22 Nov 1299 ^{⁴³^,44} about age 73.

47325210. Edmund De Mortimer Lord Of Wigmore was born in 1261 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England ^{⁴³^,44} and died in 1303 in England ^{⁴³^,44} at age 42.

23662605 i. Isolde De Mortimer (born about 1270 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England - died in 1328)

General Notes: Weis" "Ancestral Roots. . ." (27:30), (70:32), ( 120:32). The "Dictionary of National Biography" at the end of the article on R oger II Mortimer states , however, that Edmund (Mortimer) married "Margaret . .. doubtless the daughter of William de Fiennes, a Picard nobleman, who was se cond cousin to (Queen) Eleanor through her mother Joan, countess of Ponthieu."

General Notes: ------- The following was taken from Jim Steven s' Genealogy website http://www.gendex.com/users/jast/ Weis" "Ancestral Roots . . ." (54:30), (63:29). Earl of Gloucester and Hertford. "With the next gene ration, the Clare family reached he height of its prominence in the thirteenth century. Earl Richard de Clare was twice married, secretly in 1232 to Meggott a, daughter of the justiciar Hubert de Burgh, who had Richard's custody during his minority after 1230, and in 1237 to Maud, daughter of John de Lacy, earl of Lincoln (d. 1240). There was no issue by the ill-fated first marriage, but by Maud de Lacy Richard had three sons and four daughters. Negotiations for t he second marriage [of Richard] began even before Megotta de Burgh's death in November, 1237. As early as 1236, before the original match was publicly revea led, King Henry had entertained notions of marrying the heir to one of his Fre nch relatives. The plan apparently fell through, perhaps when news of the firs t marriage came out. In the fall of 1237, while Meggotta was still alive, John de Lacy, earl of Lincoln, offered 5,000 marks, a sum roughly equivalent to th e gross annual value of the Clare inheritance, to have Richard's marriage for his own daughter Maud. The earl was undoubtedly moved by many of the same con siderations that had prompted the wife of Hubert de Burgh, although he had no need to resort to the drastic actions she had taken in 1232. He was the highes t, and perhaps the only, bidder, but Henry still desired to marry Richard to a foreign kinsman. Through the efforts of his brother Richard of Cornwall, the stepfather of the young heir, a compromise was effected. On October 26, 1237, Henry offered the marriage to Hugh de Lusignan, count of La Marche, for one of his daughters, with the proviso that if the count did not agree to the propo sal by the following January, the earl of Lincoln could have it for 3,000 mark s. Hugh de Lusignan did not agree, and on January 25, 1238, Richard de Clare w as married to Maud de Lacy. By the time of his second marriage, Richard was al most sixteen. He was to remain a ward of the king until 1243, when he came of age and was formally granted seisin of his inheritance. His fortunes shed a gr im light on the political and financial manipulations of the rights of wardshi p and marriage, and on the impact of those rights on national politics. His ow n attitudes and personal feelings never emerge during this entire period. As P owicke has remarked, "one would like to know how Richard de Clare felt about i t all." . . . "On July 15, 1262, the day after the king sailed to France, Ear l Richard de Clare died. Two weeks later he was buried at Tewkesbury Abbey. T he earl had not played a conspicuous role in the baronial movement since the s ettle ment of 1261; he had been in ill health for some months before his death , and rumors circulated that he had been poisoned. [Footnote by Altschul: "E.g ., Dunstable, p. 219' *Annales Cambriae*, pp. 99-100, where "Gilbert" is wrong ly given for "Richard." These chronicles have probably confused the earl's nat ural death with the alleged poison plot of 1258."]" [Was Richard maybe poisone d at the instigation of Simon de Montfort or some of his allies? Henry had set tled with the rebellious barons in 1261 (p 92). Richard de Clare had at first sided with the barons in the antiroyalist movement which began in the summer of 1258 or thereabouts (p 82-87), but appears to have withdrawn support shortl y after December 1258 (p 87). Of Earl Richard's four daughters, three married well, the fourth, Eglentina, dying in infancy in 1257. The eldest, Isabel, bor n in 1240, was married in June 1258 to an important nobleman, William, marquis de Montferrat. Earl Richard paid the marquis 4,000 marks to secure the marri age, and allowed him a choice of brides in addition. Since Isabel was about ei ghteen and her surviving sisters each less than e

Richard, married Maud De Lacy on 2 Feb 1236-1237 ⁴³.^,44 Maud was born about 1223 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England ^{⁴³^,44} and died on 10 Mar 1287-1288 ^{⁴³^,44} about age 64.

23662606 i. Earl Gilbert De Clare "The Red" (born on 2 Sep 1243 in Christchurch, Hampshire, England - died on 7 Dec 1295 in Mammouth Castle, England)

ii. Thomas, Lord Of Thomond De Clare was born about 1245 in Kent, England ^{⁴³^,44} and died on 29 Aug 1287 in County Clare, Ireland ^{⁴³^,44} about age 42.

General Notes: The following was taken from Jim Stevens' Geneal ogy website http://www.gendex.com/users/jast/ Weis" "Ancestral Roots. . ." (5 4:30), (63:29). Gordon Fisher posted to soc.genealogy.medieval on 2 Apr 1997: Subject: Maud de LACY "Maud de Lacy, widow of Richard, earl of Gloucester, o utlived her husband by more than a quarter of a century, dying in March 1289. From 1262 until her death she held one-third of the Clare inheritance in dowe r, although her son EARL GILBERT the Red did successfully challenge the origin al composition of her dower portion, which was readjusted in 1267. Maud did no t remarry, preferring to spend her long widowhood living off the revenues of h er estates, contributing handsomely to ecclesiastical foundations, and helping to promote her children. Her activities on behalf of her daughters Margaret a nd Rohese have been noted [see note under her husband Richard], and she also a ttempted, with less success, to present her son Bogo to the church of Adlingfl eet in Yorkshire. Her gifts to religious houses were numerous. In 1248 Earl R ICHARD founded Clare Priory, the first house of Austin Friars in England, and after his death the countess continued his generosity with several grants of l and to the priory. In addition, a scheme to found an Augustinian nunnery attra cted her. In 1284 she refounded the priory of Canonsleigh in Devon. Canonsleig h was originally established for seven Augustinian canons by Walter de Clavill , a mesne tenant of the honor of Gloucester, but in 1284 Maud provided an annu al gift of L200 for the support of an abbess and 40 canonesses of that order. She had originally had the idea of doing this for Sandleford Priory in Berkshi re, but for some reason the plan fell through in 1274, and a decade later she refounded Canonsleigh instead. By 1286 the new nunnery was in existence, and the dispossessed canons were under royal protection." --- Michael Altschul, *A Baronial Family in Medieval England: The Clares,1217-1314*, Baltimore MD (Joh ns Hopkins Press) 1965. p 34-36 ---------------------------------------------- ------ Source: The Abell Family In America, pg. 38

Maud married Richard, Earl De Clare from 2 Feb 1236 to 1237 ⁴³.^,44 Richard, was born on 4 Aug 1222 in Gloucester, England ^{⁴³^,44} and died on 15 Jul 1262 in Canterbury, Kent, England ^{⁴³^,44} at age 39.

General Notes: [Connie.FTW]

ruled from Aug 19, 1272 thru 1305. "The Just." "Longshanks." He died while in route to subdue Robert Bruce, King ofScotland. one source says he died near Carlisle, Scotland. he is buried at the head of his father in Westminster Abbey. one source says he died Nov 28,1290.

Edward I, nicknamed "Longshanks" due to his great height and stature, was perhaps the most successful of the medieval monarchs. The first twenty years of his reign marked a high point of cooperation between crown and community. In these years, Edward made great strides in reforming government, consolidating territo ry, and defining foreign policy. He possessed the strength his father lacked an d reasserted royal prerogative. Edward fathered many children as well: sixteen by Eleanor of Castille before her death in 1290, and three more by Margaret.

Edward held to the concept of community, and although at times unscrupulously aggressive, ruled with the general welfare of his subjects in mind. He perceiv ed the crown as judge of the proper course of action for the realm and its chie f legislator; royal authority was granted by law and should be fully utilized f or the public good, but that same law also granted protection to the king's sub jects. A king should rule with the advice and consent of those whose rights wer e in question. The level of interaction between king and subject allowed Edward considerable leeway in achieving his goals.

Edward I added to the bureaucr acy initiated by Henry II to increase his effectiveness as sovereign. He expand ed the administration into four principal parts: the Chancery, the Exchequer, t he Household, and the Council. The Chancery researched and created legal docume nts while the Exchequer received and issued money, scrutinized the accounts of local officials, and kept financial records. These two departments operated wit hin the king's authority but independently from his personal rule, prompting Ed ward to follow the practice of earlier kings in developing the Household, a mob ile court of clerks and advisers that traveled with the king. The King's Counci l was the most vital segment of the four. It consisted of his principal ministe rs, trusted judges and clerks, a select group of magnates, and also followed th e king. The Council dealt with matters of great importance to the realm and act ed as a court for cases of national importance.

Edward's forays into the ref inement of law and justice had important consequences in decreasing feudal prac tice. The Statute of Gloucester (1278) curbed expansion of large private holdin gs and established the principle that all private franchises were delegated by, and subordinate to, the crown. Royal jurisdiction became supreme: the Excheque r developed a court to hear financial disputes, the Court of Common Pleas arose to hear property disputes, and the Court of the King's Bench addressed crimina l cases in which the king had a vested interest. Other statutes prohibited vass als from giving their lands to the church, encouraged primogeniture, and establ ished the king as the sole person who could make a man his feudal vassal. In es sence, Edward set the stage for land to become an article of commerce.

Edwa rd concentrated on an aggressive foreign policy. A major campaign to control Ll ywelyn ap Gruffydd of Wales began in 1277 and lasted until Llywelyn's death in 1282. Wales was divided into shires, English civil law was introduced, and the region was administered by appointed justices. In the manner of earlier monarch s, Edward constructed many new castles to ensure his conquest. In 1301, the kin g's eldest son was named Prince of Wales, a title still granted to all first-bo rn male heirs to the crown. Edward found limited success in extending English i nfluence into Ireland: he introduced a Parliament in Dublin and increased comme rce in a few coastal towns, but most of the country was controlled by independe nt barons or Celtic tribal chieftains. He retained English holdings in France t hrough diplomacy, but was drawn into war by the incursions of Philip IV in Gasc ony. He negotiated a peace with France in 1303 and retained those areas England held before the war.

Edward's involvement in Scotland had far reaching eff ects. The country had developed a feudal kingdom s

Edward married Alice De Lusignan, daughter of Hugh, XI Count Of Marche & Angouleme Lusignan and Unknown. Alice was born in Lusignan, Vienne, France ^⁴⁷ and died on 9 Feb 1290-1291 in Warren, Co Sussex, England.^⁴⁷

i. Eleanor Plantagenet was born on 17 Jun 1264 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, Eng ^⁴⁷ and died on 12 Oct 1297 in Ghent, Belgium ^⁴⁷ at age 33.

ii. John Plantagenet was born on 10 Jun 1266 in Winchester, Hampshire, England ^⁴⁷ and died on 1 Aug 1271 in Westminster, Middlesex, England ^⁴⁷ at age 5.

iii. Henry Plantagenet was born on 12 Jul 1267 in Windsor, Berkshire, England ^⁴⁷ and died on 14 Oct 1274 in Merton, Surrey, England ^⁴⁷ at age 7.

iv. Alice Plantagenet was born on 12 Mar 1271-1272 in Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England ^⁴⁷ and died in 1291 ^⁴⁷ at age 20.

v. Julianne Plantagenet was born in 1271 in Akko, Hazafon, Israel ^⁴⁷ and died in 1271 in Akko, Hazafon, Israel.^⁴⁷

vii. Alphonso Plantagenet was born on 24 Nov 1273 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France ^⁴⁷ and died on 19 Aug 1284 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, Eng ^⁴⁷ at age 10.

viii. Margaret, Princess Of England was born on 11 Sep 1275 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England and died in 1318 at age 43.

ix. Berengaria Plantagenet was born in 1276 in Kennington, Co Kent, England.^⁴⁷

x. Mary Plantagenet was born on 11 Mar 1277-1278 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, Eng ^⁴⁷ and died on 8 Jul 1332 in Amesbury ^⁴⁷ at age 55.

xi. Elizabeth (Isabel) was born on 7 Aug 1282 in Rhuddlan Castle, Carnarvon,^{⁴³^,44} died on 5 May 1316 in Quendon, Essex, England ^{⁴³^,44} at age 33, and was buried on 23 May 1316 in Walden Abbey, Essex.

xii. Elizabeth Plantagenet was born on 7 Aug 1282 in Rhuddlan Castle, Flintshire, Wales,^{⁴⁷^,56} died on 5 May 1316 in Quendon, Co Essex, England ^{⁴⁷^,56} at age 33, and was buried on 23 May 1316 in Walden Abbey, Hertfordshire, England.^⁴⁷

xiii. King Edward II Of England was born on 25 Apr 1284 in Caernarvon Castle, Wales and died on 21 Sep 1327 in Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire, England at age 43.

xiv. Beatrice Plantagenet was born in 1286 in Aquitaine, Guienne, France.^⁴⁷

xv. Blanche Plantagenet was born in 1290 in Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England ^⁴⁷ and died in 1290.^⁴⁷

Edward next married Marguerite Of France Le Hardi on 8 Sep 1299 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent ⁴⁷.^,53 Marguerite was born about 1279 in France,^{⁴⁷^,53} died on 14 Feb 1316-1317 in Marlborough Castle, Wiltshire, England ^{⁴⁷^,53} about age 37, and was buried in Grey Friars Church, London, England.^⁴⁷

General Notes: [Connie.FTW]

"Leonore or Leonor." Lady. Queen of England. may have died on the 27th. her heart is buried at Blackfriars Church. "Faithful." Countess ofPonthieu.

Eleanor went with Edward on crusade in 1270; the y were crowned 08-19-1274. She was one of the best-liked queens in British his tory. Her brother reigned as King Alfonso X (1252-84). "Ancestral Roots..." (B alt., 1992) pp. 110-30 states she d. at Grantham, England. Source: Ancestor s of American Presidents - (1989) p. 160

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Paternal Ancestors of Betty Atkins

Twenty-sixth Generation